Realismo: Su relevancia y necesidad de renovación
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Este artículo utiliza la lente teórica del realismo para analizar los acontecimientos de la Segunda Guerra Mundial en general, y específicamente la decisión de utilizar la bomba atómica, para mostrar cómo el realismo todavía encuentra prominencia en la teorización de las relaciones internacionales. Muestra, sin embargo, que si bien el realismo tiene una explicación parsimoniosa y convincente de cómo funciona el mundo, su poder explicativo y predictivo tiene límites. La globalización, la cooperación y la interdependencia internacionales, el cambio climático, las crisis de refugiados, las pandemias y los flujos de personas y dinero a través de las fronteras son características geopolíticas para las que el realismo como teoría no tiene una respuesta adecuada. El mundo ha cambiado significativamente desde 1945 y han surgido otras escuelas de pensamiento que también abordan la dinámica del sistema internacional en el que vivimos. El liberalismo, el constructivismo y el feminismo son algunas de las otras perspectivas que nos ayudan a comprender mejor la política internacional. Por lo tanto, los pensadores realistas deberían aprovechar la oportunidad para revisar algunos de los principios principales de la teoría para responder mejor a sus limitaciones.
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